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Endnotes:

1 Farley P. Katz, The Levant, Vol. 6, no. 3 (Sept. 2011): 37-41.
2 Andreas Birken, translator, “Dulos, nicht Duloz,” Türkei-Spiegel, no. 98 (April 20, 2011):

    32-42.
3 Farley P. Katz, “Dulos, Not Duloz: Pierre Edelestand Stanislas Dulos (1820-1874),” OPAL,

    no. 229, (May 2012): 22-31.
4 Adolf Passer, The Stamps of Turkey (London: The Royal Philatelic Society, 1938): 22-24.

    Passer’s statedment that the stamp was designed by the Ministry of Finance is erroneous.
    See Kaan Ertem, “About Ser-Sikkeken Abdülfettah Efendi: Designer of the Tughra Stamps,”
    OPAL. No. 202 (2001): 46, 48-49, and my forthcoming article about the designer.
5 I have not located a copy of the article in Le Timbrophile. See also Legrand, Dr. Jacques
    Amable. Manuel de l’Amateur de Timbes (Paris: E. Bernard et Cie, 1867). Phllips, Charles
    J. “Dr. J.A. Legrand (Dr. Magnus), Father of French Philately,” Stamps, January 14, 1933:
    153. Anon., interview with Dr. Legrand, Postal Journal of Great Britain, 16 (190) Octo-
    ber 25, 1906: 169. Anon., “Death of Dr. Legrand,” London Philatelist, 21 (247) July 1912:
    177-178. Melville, Fred J. Obituary, Postage Stamp, July 6, 1912.
6 Apparently the postage dues included the 10 para blue, which was not regularly issued,
    but exists as an essay.
7 The Philatelist (October 1, 1867): 161, 163.
8 See “Exposition Universelle de 1867,” Le Timbre-Poste, 5th An., no. 50 (August 1867): 70,
    correcting several errors of Dr. Magnus and attributing the Couza essays to M. Stern,

   whose display was next to Dulos’. But see http://www.romaniastamps.com/essays/
   page4.htm (visited August 14, 2011), attributing the Couza essays to “J.Dulos.”

9 The Philatelist, op. cit.
10 Charles F. Bastable, Public Finance (London: Macmillan and Co., Ltd., 3rd edition 1917):

    Bk. 4, Ch. 8, Sec. 5.
11 “Book Review, The Duloz Issues of Turkey 1865-1887 formed by Max Plantinga,” The

    Levant, vol. 6, no. 1 (January 2011): 12, 15. Plantinga’s collection was recently auctioned.
    See Auktionhaus Christoph Gärtner GmbH & Co. KG, Auktion 19, 29 August – 2 Sep-
    tember 2011, Vol. 2, Single Lots: Europe, nos. 10000-10356.
12 The notice also appeared in the London Gazette for March 2, 1860, p. 907.
13 As we shall see, Edelestand has a final “d.”

14 Alexander Macintosh, The Repertory of Patent Inventions and Other Discoveries and

    Improvements in Arts, Manufactures, and Agriculture: being a Continuation, on an

    Enlarged Plan, of the Arts and Manufactures: a Work Originally Undertaken in the

    year 1794, and Still Carried on, with a View to Collect, Record, and Bring into Public

    Notice, the Useful Inventions of All Nations, Enlarged Series, Volume X X XVI, (Lon-

   don: July–December 1860): 390-395. See http://books.google.com/books?id_Cw-
   cLAQA AIA AJ.

15 Description des Machines et Procédes pour lesquels des Brevets d’Invention ont été

    Pris sous le Régime de la Loi du 5 Juillet 1844, Vol. 73 (Paris, Imprimerie Natio-

    nale 1871): 316-319, digitized online on HathiTrust. See http://hdl.handle.net/2027/
    coo.31924062401900.
16 Vol. 15, no. 1 (2001): 64-102.
17 Klaus Hentschel, “Auf den Spuren eines Pariser Kupferstechers des 19. Jahrhunderts”
    (“On the Trail of a Parisian Engraver of the 19th Century”), in Beate Ceranski & Andreas
    Kleinert (eds.), Auf den Shultern von Zwergen, Essays an der Grenzen von Physik und
    Biographie (Berline & Liebenwalde: ERS-Verlag 2005): 35-75. I have not read this article.
18 Hentschel, supra: 74-76.
19 Id.: 74.
20 Id.: 74, 76. My thanks to Robert Abensur who provided the birth record from the French
    National Archives for Lucie Legrand Dulos, establishing that she was not the daughter
    of Dr. Legrand. If she were, this would have introduced even more questions regarding
    Dulos’ connection to him and the misspelling of the name.

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